[Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field on DNA Molecules in Water Solutions].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study reports that hepatitis B and C virus DNA amplicons in water solutions produced a chemiluminescence-registered signal after exposure to low-frequency electromagnetic fields (3–30 Hz; 24–40 A/m). The strongest reported effect occurred at 9 Hz, alongside an observed change in the DNA hydration shell.…
The effect of electromagnetic radiation emitted by display screens on cell oxygen metabolism - in vitro studies.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study exposed human blood platelet suspensions to 1 kHz electromagnetic fields at 150 or 220 V/m for 30 or 60 minutes. The authors report increased ROS and MDA (at 220 V/m, 30 min) and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD-1 and catalase), with the largest changes at 220 V/m for 60 minutes. They…
The effect of exposure of rats during prenatal period to radiation spreading from mobile phones on renal development.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This animal study exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to a 900 MHz electromagnetic field during the first 20 days of pregnancy and assessed prenatal renal development. The exposed group showed reported histopathological kidney changes and increased caspase-3 staining suggestive of higher apoptosis compared with…
An open-label pilot study of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in the treatment of failed back surgery syndrome pain.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This open-label exploratory pilot study evaluated pulsed electromagnetic field therapy given twice daily for 45 days in 34 people with persistent or recurrent pain after back surgery. Among 30 per-protocol completers, 33% met a responder definition of ≥30% pain intensity reduction, and pain improvements were reported…
Electromagnetic fields counteract IL-1β activity during chondrogenesis of bovine mesenchymal stem cells.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study examined whether electromagnetic fields (EMFs) influence chondrogenic differentiation of bovine mesenchymal stem cell pellets, with and without the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. The authors report EMFs had limited effects on chondrogenesis in the absence of inflammation, but in the presence of…
The effects of different intensities, frequencies and exposure times of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) affect growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Bacterial cultures were exposed to sinusoidal homogeneous ELF-EMF at 2 or 4 mT, with frequencies of 20, 40, or 50 Hz, for 1–6 hours, and CFU were compared…
Electromagnetic fields (UHF) increase voltage sensitivity of membrane ion channels; possible indication of cell phone effect on living cells.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study used voltage clamp recordings of single OmpF porin channels in an artificial bilayer to test effects of UHF EMF (910–990 MHz). The authors report frequency-dependent changes in channel gating, with increased gating frequency and voltage sensitivity and a maximum effect at 930 MHz. Conductance was…
Electromagnetic field exposure assessment in Europe radiofrequency fields (10 MHz-6 GHz).
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This paper provides an overview of published RF EMF exposure measurements in Europe and characterizes population exposure patterns. Across included spot and long-term measurement studies, reported mean electric field strengths were generally low (mostly
Effects of a continuous electromagnetic field on wound healing in human airway.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This in vitro study exposed BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells to a 1.8-GHz continuous EMF at SAR 1.0 W/kg and assessed wound-healing related endpoints. EMF exposure decreased cell migration in a scratch assay compared with controls. The authors report no cytotoxicity, no inhibition of proliferation, and no…
The use of low-level electromagnetic fields to suppress atrial fibrillation.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2015
This animal study tested whether extremely low-level pulsed EMF (0.034 μG, 0.952 Hz) could suppress induced atrial fibrillation in 17 anesthetized dogs. EMF applied to cervical vagal trunks or across the chest was reported to suppress neural firing in the anterior right ganglionated plexi. The authors report that EMF…
Effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on paraoxonase serum activity and lipid peroxidation metabolites in rat
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RF Safe Research Library
Aug 13, 2014
This randomized animal experiment examined whether 60 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure alters oxidative stress-related biomarkers in 75 Wistar rats. The authors report increased lipid peroxidation markers after both single and 14-day exposures, alongside changes in antioxidant-related…
Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields from broadcast transmitters and risk of childhood cancer: a census-based cohort study
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RF Safe Research Library
Apr 1, 2014
This census-based cohort study in Switzerland examined modeled RF-EMF exposure from broadcast transmitters and childhood cancer risk using two cohort approaches. Across analyses, no association was reported for all cancers or childhood leukemia. Findings for CNS tumors were inconsistent, and the incidence density…
Impact of 900 MHz electromagnetic field exposure on main male reproductive hormone levels: a Rattus norvegicus model
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This animal experiment exposed 20 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to 900 MHz RF-EMF for 1, 2, or 4 hours per day over 30 days, with a sham-exposed control group. Hormone levels (FSH, LH, inhibin B, activin B, prolactin, testosterone) were measured by ELISA before exposure and at 15 and 30 days. After 30 days, the long…
Melatonin protects rat cerebellar granule cells against electromagnetic field-induced increases in Na(+) currents through intracellular Ca(2+) release
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This in vitro study examined extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) effects on voltage-gated sodium (Nav) currents in rat cerebellar granule cells and whether melatonin modifies these effects. The abstract reports that 60 minutes of ELF-EMF exposure increased Nav current density, and that melatonin…
Assessment of the neurotoxic potential of exposure to 50Hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in naïve and chemically stressed PC12 cells
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This in vitro study tested acute (30 min) and sub-chronic (48 h) 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure up to 1000 µT in naïve and chemically stressed PC12 cells. Across assays of Ca2+ homeostasis, ROS production, and membrane integrity, the study reports no consistent or measurable neurotoxic effects under the tested conditions.…
No effects of power line frequency extremely low frequency electromagnetic field exposure on selected neurobehavior tests of workers inspecting transformers and distribution line stations versus controls
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This study evaluated whether occupational 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure near transformers and distribution power lines affects performance on several computer-based neurobehavior tests. Spot measurements found some electric-field locations above a national occupational standard, while all magnetic-field spots were below the…
Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields of uninterruptible power supply industry workers
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This workplace exposure assessment reports extensive spot measurements of ELF electric and magnetic fields in a UPS factory across test areas, production lines, and power substations. The highest fields were observed in test areas (up to 992.0 V/m and 215.6 µT). The authors state that measured levels were below…
Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This randomized controlled trial compared postoperative pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (I-ONE) versus control in 33 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. The treated group reported significantly better pain, swelling, and functional scores at 1 month, with lower pain still present at 6 months. At 3…
Pulsed electromagnetic field and exercises in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluated pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy followed by a standardized shoulder strengthening exercise program in adults with shoulder impingement syndrome (N=56). The active PEMF group improved in pain and function from baseline across follow-ups, while…
Pulsed electromagnetic field treatment enhances healing callus biomechanical properties in an animal model of osteoporotic fracture
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This animal study evaluated whether daily pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatments improve delayed fracture healing in skeletally mature ovariectomized (OVX) rats. By 6 weeks, PEMF-treated rats showed improved hard callus elastic modulus and radiographic evidence of better callus bridging compared with sham…
Two of three patients with multiple chemical sensitivity had less symptoms and secondary hyperalgesia after transcranially applied pulsed electromagnetic fields.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This open case study assessed transcranially applied pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) as a potential therapy for multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) in three patients. Two of three patients reported considerable improvements in MCS-related symptoms/functional impairments and reduced capsaicin-induced secondary…
Radiodensitometric Assessment of the Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation Versus Low Intensity Laser Irradiation on Mandibular Fracture Repair: A Preliminary Clinical Trial.
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RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This preliminary prospective clinical trial compared pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation (PEMF) and low intensity laser irradiation (LILI) as adjuncts to mandibular fracture repair assessed by clinical union and radiodensitometric bone density. Clinical outcomes (segment stability and occlusion) were…
Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field from Convective Air Warming System on Temperature Selection and Distance.
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This study measured extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) emitted by a convective air warming (forced air warmer) device at different temperature settings and distances. Reported ELF-EMF levels increased with closer proximity and higher temperature settings, with mean values around 18 mG at 30 cm.…
Is smartphone a necessity or luxury among orthopedic specialty?
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This cross-sectional questionnaire study assessed how orthopaedic residents and consultants in Karachi used smartphones for clinical work and academics. Most respondents owned smartphones and reported using apps and internet/email, but fewer used them to share clinical data. The paper does not assess electromagnetic…
[Effect of low-intensity 900 MHz frequency electromagnetic radiation on rat liver and blood serum enzyme activities].
Research
RF Safe Research Library
Jan 1, 2014
This animal study compared rat liver and blood serum enzyme activities after a total two-hour exposure to low-intensity 900 MHz electromagnetic fields delivered as either a single or fractional schedule. The authors report that creatine kinase (liver and serum) and serum alkaline phosphatase were the most sensitive…