This multicenter case-control study in Iran (n=226) examined associations between mobile phone use and breast cancer outcomes in women. Reporting more than 60 minutes/day of phone conversations was associated with higher odds of confirmed invasive breast cancer and of being classified as a suspected case versus <10 minutes/day. The authors emphasize that the results do not establish causation and may be influenced by self-reported exposure and residual confounding, warranting cautious interpretation.

This occupational study compared oxidative stress biomarkers across four groups: control, noise-only, ELF-EMF-only, and combined noise plus ELF-EMF exposure in power plant workers. The combined exposure group showed higher lipid peroxidation (MDA) and lower antioxidant-related measures (GSH and TAC) versus controls, while SOD activity was reduced in the noise-only and combined groups. The authors interpret these findings as evidence linking concurrent noise and ELF-EMF exposure with increased oxidative stress and call for further research and occupational safety guidance.

This case-control study in Mexico City (2017–2022) evaluated residential ELF-MF and device-use proxies for RF exposure in relation to childhood CNS tumor risk. Elevated residential ELF-MF (≥0.4 μT) was associated with approximately doubled odds of CNST, while cell phone use showed no association. Prolonged tablet use, with or without internet connectivity, was reported to be associated with higher CNST risk.

This rat study assessed whether alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) modifies liver effects from extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) exposure. ELF-MF exposure (2 mT, 4 hours/day for 30 days) was associated with increased liver pathology and higher apoptosis markers (TUNEL, caspase-3) compared with other groups. ALA reduced several histopathological changes and lowered TUNEL/caspase-3, but did not improve fibrosis or biliary proliferation.

This narrative article examines how opposing views formed regarding health and biological effects of electromagnetic radiation, focusing on ELF and RF exposures. It highlights historical controversies (e.g., childhood leukemia and ELF fields) and disputes over thermal versus non-thermal effects and reliance on SAR. The author argues that social and institutional factors, including industry influence, shaped interpretation and public discourse around EMF safety.

This study estimated thresholds and locus for human phosphene perception during non-invasive transcranial alternating current stimulation at 20, 50, 60, and 100 Hz. Perception depended significantly on stimulation intensity, with the lowest threshold at 20 Hz and no reported phosphenes at 100 Hz. The authors report dosimetry consistent with a retinal origin and frame the findings as relevant for informing cautious ELF exposure limits in safety guidelines.

This review-style text discusses polarized, coherent microwaves that are modulated and pulsed at extremely low frequencies (ELF) and suggests these characteristics may increase biological interactions. It emphasizes that intensity variability and ELF modulation are important for understanding EMF–biology interactions. It also states that such exposures have been linked to health risks in the scientific literature, framing the topic as relevant to EMF safety and public health risk mitigation.

This narrative review discusses biological mechanisms and reported health effects of anthropogenic extremely low frequency (ELF) and wireless communication (WC) electromagnetic fields. It highlights oxidative stress and DNA damage as key mechanistic endpoints and proposes an IFO-VGIC pathway linking EMF exposure to ROS overproduction and cellular dysfunction. The authors interpret the broader literature as indicating risks (e.g., cancer, infertility, EHS) even below current exposure limits and advocate precautionary policy measures, including stricter limits and a 5G moratorium.

This study reports on 26 adults self-diagnosed with electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) who provided skin biopsies to generate primary fibroblast lines. The authors describe two EHS subsets based on questionnaire and DNA damage-related measures, and report delayed ATM nucleoshuttling after X-ray exposure in all samples, interpreted as impaired DNA repair signaling. They propose a molecular model linking EHS to ATM pathway dysfunction and suggest this could relate to increased cancer risk or accelerated aging.

This review examines links between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, especially the Schumann resonance at ~7.83 Hz, and biological regulation of bioelectricity. It describes proposed mechanisms involving calcium flux modulation and downstream effects on neural activity (including EEG) and circadian rhythms. The article presents both potential benefits from controlled ELF exposures (e.g., therapeutic applications) and potential harms from artificial EMFs disrupting key physiological processes, while emphasizing the need for further research.

This animal study tested whether short-term ELF-EMF exposure alters respiratory physiology in rats. Twenty Wistar albino rats were assigned to control or EMF exposure (50 Hz, 0.3 mT for 2 minutes) with respiratory parameters measured before, during, and after exposure. The study reports changes during exposure (lower respiratory rate and higher cycle duration, inspiration time, and tidal volume) but no differences after exposure, and it frames the findings as relevant to EMF safety and potential health risks.

This multi-hospital case-control study (n=316) examined associations between use of common household electrical appliances emitting ELF EMF and tumour risk. Most devices showed below-unity odds ratios, while computer screen and microwave oven use showed slightly increased odds with wide confidence intervals. Proximity to electricity transformer stations was associated with higher tumour odds, whereas proximity to powerlines was not.

This in vitro study exposed pig conceptuses (days 15–16 of pregnancy) to 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 2 hours and assessed transcriptomic and DNA methylation changes. The authors report altered expression of 21 protein-coding transcripts and an approximately 16-fold increase in genomic DNA methylation, with promoter methylation changes in several named genes. They conclude ELF-EMF interacts with gene expression and DNA methylation processes during early development and call for further safety research.

No abstract was provided in the source text. The provided overview indicates this is a case study of self-diagnosed electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS), describing symptoms attributed by an individual to EMF exposure. The supplied text emphasizes ongoing concern about potential health risks and calls for rigorous scientific inquiry and support for affected individuals.

This review describes public concerns and scientific reports of non-thermal biological effects from low-intensity ELF and RF exposures. It lists multiple health endpoints reported to be associated with ELF and/or RF and highlights the BioInitiative Report’s conclusion that a reasonable suspicion of risk exists at environmentally relevant levels. The authors argue that existing public exposure standards should be lowered and that mobile phone SAR guidelines should be revised based on biology and long-term risk claims.

This review summarizes reported biological effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields, describing them as significant and often acting as stressors. Reported outcomes include metabolic, hormonal, and body weight changes in rodents, lethality at high exposure levels in mice and insects, and increased mitotic index in mouse tissues/cells under specified exposure conditions. The review suggests many effects may be mediated through neuroendocrine, nervous system, or behavioral responses to field exposure.