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Effects of prolonged exposure to ELF-EMF on HERVs expression in human melanoma cells.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether 96-hour exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF affects expression of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV-H, HERV-K, HERV-W) in SK-MEL-37 human melanoma cells. Cells were continuously exposed at 1.5 or 3 mT and HERV env mRNA levels were measured by qPCR. The authors report significant…

Protein expression changes during phagocytosis influenced by low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined whether a low-frequency EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz for 3 h) alters phagocytosis of latex beads and immune-related protein/gene expression in the human Mono Mac 6 macrophage cell line. The authors report that EMF exposure influenced phagocytosis-associated molecular markers, with notable changes in…

Bidirectional Effect of Repeated Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field (50 Hz) of 1 and 7 mT on Oxidative/Antioxidative Status in Rat's Brain: The Prediction for the Vulnerability to Diseases.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This rat study examined repeated 50 Hz ELF-EMF exposure (1 or 7 mT) and measured oxidative stress and antioxidant defense markers in the prefrontal cortex, including responses to a subsequent open-field stressor. The authors report intensity- and repetition-dependent effects: 1 mT produced weak changes and was…

No evidence for collateral effects of electromagnetic fields used to increase dissolved oxygen levels on the behavior and physiology of freshwater fishes.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study evaluated whether low-intensity EMF devices used to increase dissolved oxygen have collateral effects on freshwater fish. In captive sunfish, the authors report no significant differences in stress physiology biomarkers, behavior, or putative aerobic capacity between EMF and control conditions over…

EMF Antenna Exposure on a Multilayer Human Head Simulation for Alzheimer Disease Treatments.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study uses HFSS/EMPro simulations to model a 64 MHz antenna exposure on a multilayer human head to match parameters previously used in neuronal culture experiments. The simulations report achieving up to 0.6 W/kg maximum SAR and approximately 0.4–0.6 W/kg across head layers with a 1 A peak current pulse. The…

Cardiac Cell Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields: Focus on Oxdative Stress and Apoptosis.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This study assessed whether 915 MHz RF-EMF exposure alters oxidative stress and apoptosis markers in cardiac cells and mouse heart tissue. The authors report no statistically significant differences in apoptotic profile, antioxidant capacity, tissue integrity, or expression of apoptosis/antioxidant genes after…

Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Increase Cytokines in Human Hair Follicles through Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro/ex vivo study examined extremely low-frequency EMF exposure in human hair bulb spheroids and hair follicle organ cultures. The authors report no toxicity and increased expression of anagen-related markers and multiple cytokines/growth factors at 5–20 G, with 10 G for 60 minutes associated with increased…

Electromagnetic Fields Generated by the IteraCoil Device Differentiate Mesenchymal Stem Progenitor Cells Into the Osteogenic Lineage.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study exposed human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem progenitor cells to an alternating EMF generated by the IteraCoil device at 0.05 and 1 kHz. The authors report that EMF exposure was associated with osteoblastic differentiation in the absence of exogenous pro-osteogenic supplements, assessed by…

Changes in Free Radical Processes under the Influence of Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field in Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vivo animal study examined how low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure affects antioxidant status in Wistar rats. The authors report frequency-dependent changes in antioxidant enzyme activity and hydroperoxide content in blood plasma. They also propose that LF EMF may stimulate low levels of ROS that…

Physiological changes and symptoms associated with short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields: a randomized crossover provocation study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This randomized blinded crossover provocation study compared short-term RF-EMF exposure mimicking mobile phone base stations versus sham in people with IEI-EMF and controls. Symptom reporting and physiological measures (blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability) were similar between provocation and sham…

Evaluation of Cell Migration and Cytokines Expression Changes under the Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing In Vitro Model.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study evaluated whether radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure could influence wound-healing-related processes. The authors report increased keratinocyte migration and changes in expression of wound-healing genes, including MMPs, TIMPs, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines. The abstract…

Treatment with Pulsed Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field (PELF-EMF) Exhibit Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effect in Compression Spinal Cord Injury Model.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This animal study tested a pulsed extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (PELF-EMF) SEQEX device in a mouse compression spinal cord injury model. Mice received 4 hours of daily exposure for two months starting 2 hours after injury. The study reports reduced inflammatory and astrocyte activation markers,…

Regulation of skeletal myogenesis in C2C12 cells through modulation of Pax7, MyoD, and myogenin via different low-frequency electromagnetic field energies.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study examined how low-frequency electromagnetic fields (LF-EMF) at different magnetic flux densities influence skeletal myogenesis in C2C12 cells. The authors report that 2.0 mT LF-EMF activated cells and increased PAX7, while 1.5 mT increased MyoD and myogenin expression. They conclude that different…

Anticancer and antibacterial potentials induced post short-term exposure to electromagnetic field and silver nanoparticles and related pathological and genetic alterations: in vitro study.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2022

This in vitro study evaluated short-term extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), alone and combined, for antibacterial effects and apoptosis induction in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The authors report time-dependent reductions in bacterial viable counts, with…

Magnetic characterization of Mumetal® for passive shielding of stray fields down to the nano-Tesla level

Research RF Safe Research Library Feb 1, 2021

This engineering study addresses stray magnetic fields as a performance-limiting imperfection for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), where simulations indicate sensitivity to fields on the order of 0.1 nT. It presents DC and AC magnetic characterization of two Mumetal® samples (annealed in final form vs…

Morphological and cytophysiological changes in selected lines of normal and cancer human cells under the influence of a radio-frequency electromagnetic field.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study exposed human fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells to 2.5 GHz RF-EMF for 24, 48, and 72 hours and assessed viability and morphology. The authors report decreased viability in fibroblasts and increased viability in prostate cancer cells after exposure, while morphology showed no significant…

Prioritizing health outcomes when assessing the effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields: A survey among experts.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This paper reports a survey designed to prioritize which RF EMF-related health outcomes should be addressed in systematic reviews. Of 300 experts queried, 164 responded and rated cancer, heat-related effects, adverse birth/pregnancy outcomes, electromagnetic hypersensitivity, cognitive impairment, and oxidative…

Health disturbances and exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile-phone base stations in French urban areas.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This cross-sectional survey in five French cities assessed whether measured RF-EMF exposure from mobile-phone base stations was associated with self-reported non-specific and insomnia-like symptoms among residents living within 250 m of a base station. Overall, measured base-station exposure was not associated with…

Pulsed and Discontinuous Electromagnetic Field Exposure Decreases Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma by Modulating the Expression of O-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase, Cyclin-D1, and p53.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study evaluated 50 Hz, 70 G electromagnetic field exposure in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) in T98 and A172 glioblastoma cell lines. The authors report that EMF plus TMZ increased cell death and reduced migration potential compared with controls. They also report increased p53 gene expression and…

Comparing the Effects of Long-term Exposure to Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields With Different Values on Learning, Memory, Anxiety, and β-amyloid Deposition in Adult Rats.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This animal study exposed adult male rats to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1, 100, 500, or 2000 μT for 1 hour/day over two months and assessed behavior and brain markers. The authors report increased memory retention (higher step-through latency) alongside increased anxiety-like behavior (reduced open-arm entries), particularly…

First Identification of the Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Field on the Micromolecular Changes in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study exposed adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to a continuous 50 Hz electromagnetic field at 1.5 mT for 24, 48, or 72 hours and assessed micromolecular changes using FTIR spectroscopy. The authors report the largest FTIR spectral differences versus control in nucleic acids and proteins…

Improved Calculation Method of Coupling Factors for Low-Frequency Wireless Power Transfer Systems.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This engineering/methods study addresses computational artifacts that can affect coupling factor calculations for localized EMF exposure assessment in IEC 62311/62233, particularly below 10 MHz. The authors propose using the 99.99th percentile rather than the maximum internal quantity to mitigate abnormal peaks from…

Towards Environmental RF-EMF Assessment of mmWave High-Node Density Complex Heterogeneous Environments.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This paper presents an RF-EMF exposure assessment combining measurements and deterministic 3D ray-launching simulations in a large indoor public library with high node density. It considers mmWave 5G FR2 at 28 GHz and Wi-Fi 802.11ay at 60 GHz under realistic operation conditions with varying user distributions. The…

Artificial Neural Network-Based Uplink Power Prediction From Multi-Floor Indoor Measurement Campaigns in 4G Networks.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This paper describes multi-floor indoor LTE measurement campaigns aimed at enabling assessment and monitoring of RF-EMF exposure, with emphasis on uplink exposure via mobile phone transmit power. Because uplink transmit power is not directly available from off-the-shelf devices, the authors propose an artificial…

EVALUATION OF BCL2 AND ITS REGULATORY MIRS, MIR-15-B AND MIR-16 EXPRESSION CHANGES UNDER THE EXPOSURE OF EXTREMELY LOW-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER CELL LINE.

Research RF Safe Research Library Jan 1, 2021

This in vitro study examined whether extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) at 0.2 or 2 mT (continuous or 1.5 h on/1.5 h off) for 18 hours alter viability and gene/miRNA expression in AGS gastric cancer cells. The authors report a significant reduction in cell viability at 2 mT continuous exposure.…

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